l出版信息

Stephen R. Bokenkamp,A Fourth-Century Daoist Family: The Zhen'gao, or Declarations of the Perfected, Volume 1，Berkeley: University of California Press，2021.

l作者簡介

Stephen R. Bokenkamp (Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley, 1986) specializes in the study of medieval Chinese Daoism, with a special emphasis on its literatures and its relations with Buddhism. He is author of Early Daoist Scriptures， Ancestors and Anxiety， A Fourth-century Daoist Family, the Zhen’gao Volume 1 , as well as over forty articles and book chapters on Daoism and literature.  Among his awards are the Guggenheim Award for the Translation of a medieval Daoist text, a National Endowment for the Humanities Translation grant and the invitation to present the Xuyun and Yanfu lectures for the Philosophy Department of Beijing University.  In addition to his position at Arizona State, he has taught at Indiana University, Stanford University, and short courses for graduate students at Beijing, Princeton and Fudan Universities. He was also part of the National 985 project at the Institute of Religious Studies, Sichuan University from 2006-2013. 

柏夷（加州大學伯克萊分校博士，1986年）教授，專長於中國六朝隋唐道教史，特別關注中古道教文獻和佛道關係。在其漫長的學術生涯中，他出版了《早期道教經典》《祖先與焦慮》和《公元四世紀的一個道教世家——〈真誥〉英譯第一卷》三部專著以及超過三十五篇學術論文。他的研究貢獻為其贏得了許多榮譽和獎項，比如古根海姆獎、美國國家人文基金會基金, 北京大學哲學系的虛雲講座、嚴復學術講座等等。除了在亞利桑那州立大學任教之外，他此前曾任教於印第安納大學、斯坦福大學，並在普林斯頓大學、北京大學、復旦大學為研究生開設短期密集討論班。他也是2006-2013年四川大學國家九八五項目工程特聘海外專家。

l內容簡介

This volume is the first in a series of full-length English translations from one of the foremost classics in Daoist religious literature, the Zhen gao or Declarations of the Perfected. The Declarations is a collection of poems, accounts of the dead, instructions, and meditation methods received by the Daoist Yang Xi (330-ca. 386 BCE) from celestial beings and shared by him with his patrons and students. These fragments of revealed material were collected and annotated by the eminent scholar and Daoist Tao Hongjing (456-536), allowing us access to these distant worlds and unfamiliar strategies of self-perfection. Bokenkamp's full translation highlights the literary nature of Daoist revelation and the place of the Declarations in the development of Chinese letters. It further details interactions with the Chinese throne and the aristocracy and demonstrates ways that Buddhist borrowings helped shape Daoism much earlier than has been assumed. This first volume also contains heretofore unrecognized reconfigurations of Buddhist myth and practice that Yang Xi introduced to his Daoist audience.

道教“三洞”經之首洞真上清經發端於東晉哀帝興寧年間（364－370）在江南句容出現的一系列真人降授活動，當地奉道世家許氏父子（許謐、許翽）禮聘的通靈道士楊羲聲稱有十多位真人向其降授了十幾篇上清經、諸真傳和零星誥示。南朝齊梁高道陶弘景（456－536）收集整理了楊羲和二許抄錄的零星誥示，增添了“三君在世自所記錄及書疏往來”以及陶本人撰寫的跋語“敘錄”（包括誥示內容體例、上清“真經始末”和許氏“真胄世譜”），編成《真誥》一書。《真誥》記錄的是真人口頭告訴楊羲並讓其抄錄、轉達二許及其親友的一系列神諭（間或以詩歌、書信的形式來表達），內容包括冥數感對、禍福命運、修真方法、修真勸誡、茅山史地、死後生活等等。《真誥》與上清經、諸真傳皆是上清經派教內文獻，反映上清經派既承傳又發展了養生修仙的方士傳統，是研究早期道教信仰及實踐的重要史料。因為《真誥》提供了上清經派道士修道的具體信息，它不僅是解讀上清經、諸真傳的指南，而且可與後兩類文獻互相印證和解釋。又因為《真誥》記錄的是奉道世家內部秘傳道教知識，可以大大彌補《世說新語》和《晉書》等教外文獻少有記載晉代社會宗教信仰的缺陷。《真誥》內容瑰奇，語言典雅，不僅是道教文學也是世界宗教文學中的奇葩，其水平可與但丁《神曲》媲美。可惜現代學者對《真誥》的研究遠遜於《神曲》，迄今只有日本道教學者完整譯註了《真誥》。

本書係美國加州大學伯克利分校出版社出版的《真誥》英譯第一卷，這是譯者柏夷教授在同一出版社出版Early Daoist Scriptures（《早期道教經典》）之後推出的又一精品之作。為方便現代學者更好地理解《真誥》，譯者重新編排了《真誥》的文本順序，根據陶弘景註中提到的互見文字內容，將分散在不同篇卷的同一事件或主題集中翻譯。每一事件或主題均加上標題，並有簡要導言予以說明。第一卷包括《真誥·敘錄》、愕綠華詩、司馬昱之子、“（從前卷有待歌詩十篇接戒來至此凡）八紙”等四個子目。特別引人注目的是，“八紙”抄錄的是與佛教相關的文字內容，包括諸真相互唱和的有待無待歌詩、漢明帝夢感神人佛現及佛教傳入中土之始、方諸島上多有奉佛道者、源出佛教《四十二章經》的眾真教戒，等等。譯者翻譯和研究的“八紙”真誥有力證明東晉中葉上清經派開始吸取外來佛教的教義和實踐，修正了學術界普遍認為佛教全面深刻地影響道教始於東晉末劉宋初古靈寶經的舊說。

（來源：Stephen R. Bokenkamp、呂鵬志）